The main active components of Astragalus are polysaccharide and astragaloside. Astragaloside can be divided into astragaloside I, astragaloside II and astragaloside IV standard, which were characterized by the retention rate of the compound in pH 2.0 and pH 6.8 solutions, which are far removed from actual application scenarios. Among them, Astragaloside IV had the best biological activity, it not only has the effect of Astragalus polysaccharide, even better. The efficacy of Astragaloside IV is more than 2 times of conventional astragalus polysaccharide, antiviral effect is 30 times of astragalus polysaccharide, known as “super astragalus polysaccharide”, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Astragaloside IV is the major constituent of the Chinese herb Astragalus. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 version recognizes astragalus as a food ingredient.
The production of astragaloside IV is dependent on several factors, including its concentration and solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, temperature, and solid-liquid ratio are also important. These factors may affect the yield of astragaloside IV powder. However, the yield was relatively stable regardless of these factors. It is highly stable in storage and can facilitate food processing. The results of this study will guide further research on the thermal sterilization of astragaloside IV and its physiological function. For now, it will remain in clinical trials as a promising anti-inflammatory agent.
Benefits of Astragaloside IV
Enhance immunity
It can promote specific, immune and non-specific immunity, and improve the body’s resistance to disease and the generation of antibodies, so that the number of antibody-forming cells and hemolysis test value significantly enhanced. Astragaloside IV can significantly improve the lymphocyte transformation level and E roof-formation rate of coccidia-immunized chickens, and is an effective activator of mononuclear macrophage system. Astragaloside IV can also enhance oxidation, and improve the activities of GSH-Px and SOD in immune organs, so as to improve immune defense and immune surveillance.
Antiviral effect
Astragaloside IV stimulates the function of macrophages and T cells, increases the number of E-ring forming cells, induces cytokines, promotes the induction of interleukin, and enables the animal body to produce endogenous interferon to achieve the purpose of antiviral. Astragaloside IV can inhibit the growth of influenza virus and inhibit the activity of sialidase. It has an obvious effect on the cell membrane function of influenza virus and affects the adsorption and penetration of the virus to sensitive cells. In addition, the egg production rate and eggshell quality of the control group were significantly better than that of amantadine alone, and the effect of APS was not obvious.
Astragaloside IV has a strong killing and inhibition effect on ND virus. The premise is that the use of astragaloside IV is found to be infected with ND virus before the use of astragaloside IV, so it is best to use astragaloside IV for a long time. When 3-day-old AA broilers are infected with AMB virus, astragaloside IV can reduce the morbidity and mortality of AMB, and increase the content of LPO in immune organs such as spleen and thymus. The clearance of myeloid tumor cells by immune organs such as spleen and thymus was significantly enhanced. Secondly, astragaloside IV has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on infectious laryngotracheitis and other respiratory diseases in chicken.
Anti-inflammatory property
Astragalus has been studied in clinical settings since the 1950s. In a study using cells derived from the Astragalus membranaceus plant, astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) Radix, astragaloside IV and ferulic acid were loaded into fibrous scaffolds and tested for their anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the results were consistent across three independent experiments. Astragaloside IV inhibits the synthesis of inflammatory mediators and is a potent anti-inflammatory. It also suppresses ERK1/2 and JNK signaling and reduces matrix metalloproteases.
Improve the function of cardiovascular
Astragaloside IV is a potent alternative therapeutic agent. It can be used to treat cardiovascular diseases, hypoxic-ischemic injury, and physical damage due to viral infections. A recent study found that Astragaloside IV can reduce apoptosis in neurons after intracerebral hemorrhage. Additionally, it reduced the size of a myocardial infarction in mice. The results suggest that this compound may be used as a therapeutic agent to treat cardiovascular disease. Further, AS-IV can protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia and alleviate vascular endothelial dysfunction. Further studies are needed to assess AS-IV’s effectiveness in treating the above diseases. In addition, it strengthens the heart’s contractility and protects the heart muscle against heart failure.
Anti-stress effect
Experiments show that it can prevent stress reaction in the alert period of adrenal hyperplasia and thymic atrophy, prevent stress resistance stage and failure stage appear abnormal changes of the anti-stress effect thereby, is particularly effective in the process of nutrient metabolism enzyme two-way adjustment, reduce and eliminate the influence of heat stress on the body’s physiological function to a certain extent.
A growth promoter
Astragaloside IV can enhance the physiological metabolism of cells, promote blood circulation, and can promote the growth of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, with the effect of probiotics, this characteristic makes it can be used as astragaloside supplements for people who pursue health.
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